Depending on the type of firearm, either long gun or handgun, the laws regarding transportation differ. (18 PA.C.S. § 6106).
A long gun includes rifles, shotguns, and may include NFA firearms, depending on whether the barrel and overall length classifies it as a long rifle or handgun. All long guns must be unloaded, prior to transport; meaning that the chamber must be clear and all magazines removed. Ammunition must be stored in a separate container and cannot be loaded in the magazines.
A handgun must also be unloaded, prior to transport, unless the individual possesses a valid PA License to Carry Firearms (LTCF) or other similar license issued by another state, which PA honors. For more information see the article on Pennsylvania Concealed Gun Reciprocity. Moreover, handguns may only be transported to and from specific activities and locations. Some examples of “to and From” are the place of purchase, repair, range, hunting location, or other places listed in 18 PA.C.S. § 6106.
If Class 3 firearms are going to be transported out of state, one needs to file a Form 20 to obtain permission from the AFT.